Form 5498-SA is the contribution-side complement to Form 1099-SA. If 1099-SA tells the IRS what came out of a Health Savings Account during the year, 5498-SA tells the IRS what went in. HSA trustees file one 5498-SA per account per year, reporting all contributions made for that tax year (including contributions made between January 1 and the tax-filing deadline of the following year, which are permitted under HSA rules). For account holders, 5498-SA is the document that validates contribution amounts reported on Form 8889.
What 5498-SA Reports The form captures the complete contribution picture for the year. Total contributions (including rollovers from other HSAs), broken out by source: employee pre-tax contributions through payroll deduction under a cafeteria plan, employer contributions, direct personal contributions outside payroll , and rollover contributions from prior HSAs. The form also reports the fair market value of the account at year-end.
5498-SA is filed for each Health Savings Account , Archer MSA, and Medicare Advantage MSA the trustee holds. Account holders often have multiple HSAs if they've changed jobs or HSA providers, and each trustee files its own 5498-SA.
How 5498-SA Fits With 1099-SA and Form 8889 At year-end, an HSA holder may receive both 5498-SA (contributions in) and 1099-SA (distributions out) from the same trustee. The two forms together document the full year's account activity. Form 8889, filed with the individual's Form 1040, is where the account holder reconciles both against qualified medical expenses and HSA contribution limits.
When Is Form 5498-SA Due? The trustee must file 5498-SA with the IRS and furnish it to the account holder by May 31 of the year following the tax year reported. This timing reflects the fact that HSA contributions can be made for a prior tax year up until the tax-filing deadline (typically April 15), so trustees need until after that date to finalize contribution totals.
Reconciling 5498-SA Against Your Records Three reconciliation checks keep HSA records clean. First, total contributions reported should equal what you see in your HSA account statements and your paystubs (for payroll-deducted contributions). Second, the split between employee and employer contributions should align with your W-2 , Box 12, Code W figure, which reports employer-plus-employee cafeteria-plan HSA contributions. Third, total contributions should not exceed the annual IRS HSA contribution limit for the year (2026 limits: $4,400 for self-only coverage, $8,750 for family coverage, plus $1,000 catch-up if age 55+).
Correcting Excess Contributions If 5498-SA shows contributions above the annual limit, the excess must be withdrawn (plus attributable earnings) by the tax-filing deadline to avoid a 6% excise tax. The HSA trustee can process a return of excess contribution, which generates a corrected 1099-SA showing the distribution. Coordinating the correction between the trustee, the account holder, and the tax preparer requires attention to timing.
The IRS publishes current 5498-SA instructions and HSA contribution limits at irs.gov/forms-pubs/about-form-5498-sa . For broader context on HSA operations, see benefits administration , benefits , and Form 1099-SA .
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